Hydeopwbumatic eobce-pump



A. B. LATTA'. COMPULSORY AIR PASSAGE.

No. 11,165. Patented June 27, 1-854.

InweW i To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that .I, ALEXANDERB. LATTA, j

of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton,

and State of Ohio, have invented new and 1 UNITED STA i'PATnNrornroE.

ALEXANDER B. LATTA, or CINCINNATI, OHIO.

HYDROPNEUMA'AIIC FORCE-PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 11,165, dated June 27, 1854.

useful Improvements in Pumps, and that the following isa full and clear description thereof, reference being had to the annexed 20. a particular description. a i G is the induction opening to which the drawings, making part of the same.

Figure 2 presents sections of the same taken verticallythrough the lines C A, A B, and B D, of Fig. .l,showing the interior of the pump. A part of the cylinder in which the piston works is broken away for the'pur- I pose of better showing some of the parts.

Fig. l is a plan with the air ohamberremoved, and one end of the cylinder and piston shown in section, with an enlarged chamher. at the end of the cylinder into which said cylinder opens. The parts generally are of ordinary construction. and need no hose or suction pipeis attached.

V V are the induction valves.

K K are the chambers into which the water is received and through which it is forced into the air chamber through the valves V V, as indicated by the arrows.

N, is an enlaregd chamber atthe end of the cylinder into which the cylinder opens and which has free communication withthe chamber K. l

M is the air chamber, 0 the discharge opening, the cylinder, and L the piston. As the piston reciprocates from end to end of the cylinder the water will alternately rush into and be discharged from the chambers Kand N and the cylinderand will pass into the air chamber, andthence to the eduction passage. These are the common operations of pumps and need not be further dwelt upon.

The piston is made much longer than ordinary pistons, and is packed at a conward from the ends toward the center where the valves V, V,are placed. It will also be perceived thatthe piston at the end of its stroke, extends beyond the cylinder, and a considerable distance int-o the enlargement N, see the Figs. 1 and 2.

When the pump is in operation, especially if used as a fire engine, much air will often be' drawn into it and if permitted to accumulate between the end of the piston and prevent the water from being drawn in or forced out, and thus greatly impair the efficiency of the pump. It therefore becomes of great importance to discharge the air entirely at each stroke. If the piston were to end its stroke as soon as it reaches the end of the cylinder, the return. stroke would cause any air which might be nearthe end of the cylinder to be drawn or forced into it again"; and it is to prevent this, that the piston, after having forced the air entirely out of the cylinder into. the chamber N, where it has opportunity to rise to the surface of the water, continues to move in the same direction, forcing the water out of the chamber N, and giving the airtime to rise to the top before the commencement of the.

to the upper side of the chamber or passage K, if that be horizontal, it will lie against it with no tendency to move toward the valve V but will be at rest or governed by the currents, and liable. by the return stroke to be drawn. back into the chamber N, or even into the cylinder, but when the upper side. of the chamber is inclined upward, as repre sented at i, z, &c., the air will move rapidly toward the point or exit, or valve V, and be out of the reach of the incoming current during the return stroke. The upper surface of the chamber N inclines upward toward the chamber K-as seen at N, Fig. 3. With this construction it is easily seen that when the return stroke is finished, and the forward stroke commences, the air will be at the point of discharge, and will escape before the water into the air chamber and the pumpwill be kept free from air.

If the pump be vertical the peculiar arrangements described will only be necessary at the lower end of the cylinder. The greater the distance from the end of the cylinder to the valve V the further should the piston be. carried into the chamber N to give time for the rising of the air to the The chamber N isenlarged be The packing is placed at such a distance the valve V will to aconsiderable extent from the ends of the cylinder as to allow it to remain, at the ends of the strokes, entirely Within the cylinder, to prevent its being injured by the ends thereof.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Discharging the air from the cylinder before the end of the stroke of the piston, by causing the piston to move beyond the end of the cylinder and into the enlarged chamberas described.

2. Inclining the top of the Water chambers' upward from the end of the cylinder to the discharge valve V in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. I claim the protrusion of the piston ,from the end of the cylinder at the end of each stroke, in combination with the upward inclination of the top of the chamber leading to the discharge valve V, forthe pur- 20 W. CHIDSEY, J os. 'SIRODION. 

